Beta-Carotene
Varies
Beta-carotene is a red-orange carotenoid pigment abundant in carrots, sweet potatoes, and leafy greens. It serves as a provitamin A compound, meaning the body converts it to retinol (vitamin A) on an as-needed basis. While dietary beta-carotene from whole foods is associated with health benefits, supplemental forms have raised significant safety concerns in clinical trials.
Research Evidence
May increase all-cause mortality when taken as a supplement
ModerateConverts to vitamin A to support vision and immune function
StrongIncreases lung cancer risk in smokers when supplemented
StrongProvides photoprotective benefits against UV-induced skin damage
LimitedDietary intake associated with reduced risk of certain cancers
ModerateExpert Evidence
9 references from 3 experts
“Beta-carotene, which is a form of vitamin A, has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer in smokers.”
Don’t Do This If You’re Over 50!
1:507 references in 7 episodes from 2023–2024
Safety & Cautions
Side Effects
- Carotenodermia (orange skin discoloration)
- Increased lung cancer risk in smokers
- Potential increase in all-cause mortality
- Gastrointestinal discomfort
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends against beta-carotene supplementation due to evidence of increased mortality and lung cancer risk, particularly in smokers and those exposed to asbestos. Supplemental beta-carotene should be avoided unless specifically directed by a healthcare provider.
Pairs Well With